ABSTRACT
Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyp is known to be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which shows characteristic multiple hamartomatous polyp involvement in the gastrointestinal tract, combined with mucocutaneous symptom, familial history of Peutz- Jeghers syndrome or STK11/LTB1 mutation. However, some cases showing histologic appearance of the polyps discovered in Peutz- Jeghers syndrome while lacking other diagnostic criteria of the syndrome have been reported, and these are called solitary Peutz- Jeghers type polyps. Herein, we report a case of solitary Peutz-Jeghers type polyp covered with heterotopic epithelium. The patient was 47-year-old female without any mucocutaneous symptoms nor familial history of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Microscopic examination revealed Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyp in duodenum covered with gastric type foveolar epithelium. Considering the definition of hamartomatous polyp, which is, the abnormal overgrowth of the indigenous epithelial component, the histological feature of current case is noteworthy in a point that it shows proliferation of heterotopic component, rather than the indigenous component.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of heat treatment (HT) time on the optical properties, mechanical properties, and microstructure of lithium disilicate (Li 2 Si 2 O 5) glass-ceramic blocks. Samples were prepared by cutting lithium disilicate glass-ceramic blocks – Amber® Mill Prototype (AMP) and IPS e.max CAD (IEC) – into a disc shape (diameter of 12 mm and thickness of 1.2 mm) and evenly polishing the surface. Each sample was heat treated according to the manufacturer’s manual and HT holding time was set to 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes according to different groups. The samples were tested by color difference analysis using a spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction analysis, HR FE-SEM observation, Vickers hardness test, fracture toughness test, and biaxial flexural strength test were carried out. The acicular crystals of lithium disilicate became coarser and less transparent with increasing HT time. The results for color difference (ΔE * ) compared to VITA A2 standard shade showed that the difference was significantly higher in the AMP groups than the IEC groups (P<0.05). Translucency parameter (TP) values were significantly higher in the AMP groups than the IEC groups (P<0.05). The AMP30 group showed the highest TP value, while all other experimental groups showed the tendency of decrease in TP value with increase in HT time. Moreover, increase in TP value was associated with decrease in contrast ratio. When fracture toughness was measured by indentation fracture method, both AMP and IEC groups showed similar results with 1.77 MPa·m 1/2 after HT for 15 minutes. However, as HT time increased, the IEC groups showed significantly higher values than the AMP groups (P<0.05). X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that quartz (SiO 2) and cristobalite (SiO 2) peaks were observed together with the lithium disilicate (Li 2Si 2O 5) peak in the AMP groups, whereas a lithium phosphate (Li 3PO 4) peak was observed together with the lithium disilicate (Li 2Si 2O 5) peak in the IEC groups. With respect to biaxial flexural strength in the AMP groups, the AMP15 group (HT for 15 minutes) showed the highest value of (524.09±89.95) MPa, whereas the AMP60 group (HT for 60 minutes) showed the lowest value of (446.56±76.75) MPa, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). In the IEC groups, IEC30 group showed the highest value of (668.51±158.57) MPa and the IEC45 group showed the lowest value of (517.37±129.52) MPa, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Within the limitations of the present study, it is concluded that if increased strength is required when fabricating restorations using lithium disilicate glass-ceramic, then changing the HT time could be considered as long as such change does not significantly alter the color tone.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of glazing treatment of multi-colored zirconia disc and lithium disilicate block on the optical properties. From an Ultra Translucent Multi-Layered (UTML) disc containing 50% cubic crystal and a lithium disilicate-based Amber Mill Direct (AMD) block, the 1.2 mm thick specimens of the upper layer (T), the center (M), and the lower layer (B) were prepared. Three types of paste glaze of InSync Glaze Paste, IPS E.max Ceram Glaze Paste, and Amber Ceram G7 Glaze Paste were applied and fired to a uniform thickness on the surface of the specimen. CIE L * , a * , b * values were measured using a spectrophotometer and contrast and translucency were calculated. The bonding interface with the glaze layer was observed using HR FE-SEM. In the glazed groups, L * value increased, but a * value and b * value decreased. The translucency value measured in the untreated group was statically higher in the AMD groups than in UTML groups (P0.05), but significantly decreased compared to the untreated group after glazing treatment in the AMD group (P<0.05). The contrast ratios generally increased after glaze treatment compared to the untreated group. Since the glaze treatment can affect the optical properties of ceramic restorations, the choice of glaze should be considered important for the desired color by the dental technician.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of glazing treatment of multi-colored zirconia disc and lithium disilicate block on the optical properties. From an Ultra Translucent Multi-Layered (UTML) disc containing 50% cubic crystal and a lithium disilicate-based Amber Mill Direct (AMD) block, the 1.2 mm thick specimens of the upper layer (T), the center (M), and the lower layer (B) were prepared. Three types of paste glaze of InSync Glaze Paste, IPS E.max Ceram Glaze Paste, and Amber Ceram G7 Glaze Paste were applied and fired to a uniform thickness on the surface of the specimen. CIE L * , a * , b * values were measured using a spectrophotometer and contrast and translucency were calculated. The bonding interface with the glaze layer was observed using HR FE-SEM. In the glazed groups, L * value increased, but a * value and b * value decreased. The translucency value measured in the untreated group was statically higher in the AMD groups than in UTML groups (P0.05), but significantly decreased compared to the untreated group after glazing treatment in the AMD group (P<0.05). The contrast ratios generally increased after glaze treatment compared to the untreated group. Since the glaze treatment can affect the optical properties of ceramic restorations, the choice of glaze should be considered important for the desired color by the dental technician.
ABSTRACT
Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) demonstrates the anatomy of the urinary system and is used to detect the presence/absence of vesicoureteral reflux. It is the most important modality for urological fluoroscopic examination in children. For improved patient care, it is important to understand and perform VCUG appropriately. Therefore, an in-depth review of VCUG protocols and techniques has been presented herein. In addition, tips, tricks, and pitfalls associated with the technique have also been addressed.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Colon cancer is believed to develop from colon polyps. Early detection of colon polyps and identification of risk factors will decrease theprevalence of colon cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether age, body mass index (BMI), and dyslipidemia are risk factors for thedevelopment of colon polyps. @*Methods@#In this study, we included 2,477 patients who underwent colonoscopic examinations and BMI measurements, including waist circumference,between January 2016 and December 2018 at the health promotion center of Dongsuwon Hospital in Suwon. We analyzed the relationshipsbetween the risk factors and colon polyp formation by using an age-adjusted multiple regression analysis. @*Results@#The prevalence of colon polyps was 14.3% (n=353) and was significantly higher in the older age group (P<0.05). No association was foundbetween the risk of colon polyp formation and the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. However, high-density lipoprotein leveland BMI showed a relationship with the prevalence of colon polyps. @*Conclusion@#The development of colon polyps was associated with obesity rather than dyslipidemia in the asymptomatic healthy adults in this study.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reaction between investment material and zirconia on the strength of zirconia in the application of heat-pressing method. Sixty specimens were cut (24 mm×4 mm×0.5 mm) into plates from Zirtooth ™ Multi O-9814 block (∅98×14T, HASS, Gangwondo, Korea) and sintered at 1450℃. Specimens were divided into 6 subgroups according to the depending on the investement material; (a) UN group (Control), (b) PH group (Prime vest HS), (c) CP group (Calibra-press), (d) BV group (BC-Vest), (e) MH group (Microstar-HS), (f) F1 group (Formula 1). Five investment materials were buried according to the procedure recommended by the manufacturer and left at room temperature for 30 minutes. The investment mold was dried and maintained at an elevated temperature of 850℃ for 50 minutes. Then, Amber Lisi-POZ LT (HASS) was placed in a thermoformed electric furnace (Programat EP3000/G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) together with the mold, heated to 915℃ at an elevation temperature of 45℃/min, and moored for 15 minutes. The specimens were loaded to fracture in a universal testing machine and the fracture surface was examined by a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The surface of the zirconia specimen with the investment material was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The 3-point flexural strength test showed the highest value (1265.5 MPa) in the UN group and the lowest value (756.1 MPa) in the F1 group. As a result of EDS analysis, the largest amount of Si was detected in the F1 group, and the most interfacial changes occurred as a result of FE-SEM analysis. It was concluded that when the zirconia is buried with the investment material and the heat press molding is performed, the state of the interface is changed due to the investment material at the bonding interface while the strength is lowered.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reaction between investment material and zirconia on the strength of zirconia in the application of heat-pressing method. Sixty specimens were cut (24 mm×4 mm×0.5 mm) into plates from Zirtooth ™ Multi O-9814 block (∅98×14T, HASS, Gangwondo, Korea) and sintered at 1450℃. Specimens were divided into 6 subgroups according to the depending on the investement material; (a) UN group (Control), (b) PH group (Prime vest HS), (c) CP group (Calibra-press), (d) BV group (BC-Vest), (e) MH group (Microstar-HS), (f) F1 group (Formula 1). Five investment materials were buried according to the procedure recommended by the manufacturer and left at room temperature for 30 minutes. The investment mold was dried and maintained at an elevated temperature of 850℃ for 50 minutes. Then, Amber Lisi-POZ LT (HASS) was placed in a thermoformed electric furnace (Programat EP3000/G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) together with the mold, heated to 915℃ at an elevation temperature of 45℃/min, and moored for 15 minutes. The specimens were loaded to fracture in a universal testing machine and the fracture surface was examined by a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The surface of the zirconia specimen with the investment material was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The 3-point flexural strength test showed the highest value (1265.5 MPa) in the UN group and the lowest value (756.1 MPa) in the F1 group. As a result of EDS analysis, the largest amount of Si was detected in the F1 group, and the most interfacial changes occurred as a result of FE-SEM analysis. It was concluded that when the zirconia is buried with the investment material and the heat press molding is performed, the state of the interface is changed due to the investment material at the bonding interface while the strength is lowered.
ABSTRACT
Pseudoaneurysm formation in the profunda femoris artery (PFA) is a rare complication of femur shaft fractures or, more usually, a consequence of operative repair. Over the past few years, percutaneous transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) has increasingly been considered the most effective treatment for pseudoaneurysms of the PFA. We report two cases with pseudoaneurysms of the PFA that were caused by femur shaft fractures and were successfully treated using TAE with n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA). When a pseudoaneurysm of the PFA occurs due to a femur shaft fracture, early recognition and prompt radiologic intervention may prevent severe vascular injury without the need for additional surgery. The advent of TAE using NBCA enables minimally invasive treatment to be undertaken and it is effective for managing pseudoaneurysms of the PFA.
ABSTRACT
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been reported to have an increased risk of thromboembolism. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious extraintestinal manifestation of IBD. Due to its highly variable manifestation and low incidence, CVT is not usually readily recognized by physicians. Herein, we report a case of a 35-year-old male presenting with CVT associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). The patient was admitted with chief complaints of bloody diarrhea that had started 3 days prior. Sigmoidoscopy showed hyperemic and edematous mucosa, friability, and shallow ulcers from the sigmoid colon to the rectum suggestive of IBD. Three days later, the patient started complaining of a headache, and gradually developed a decreased level of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed CVT with hemorrhagic infarctions. An angiogram was obtained to evaluate the extent of CVT, and anticoagulation therapy was initiated with intravenous heparin. During hospitalization, he was diagnosed with UC and treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid. After discharge, the patient was recovered without neurological deficit, and remission of UC was also obtained. The presence of headache or acute worsening of neurological status in a patient with IBD should alert the health professionals about the possibility of CVT.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Brain , Colitis, Ulcerative , Colon, Sigmoid , Consciousness , Diarrhea , Headache , Health Occupations , Heparin , Hospitalization , Incidence , Infarction , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mesalamine , Mucous Membrane , Rectum , Sigmoidoscopy , Thromboembolism , Ulcer , Venous ThrombosisABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Humans , Central Nervous System , Lymphoma , MethotrexateABSTRACT
A gastrocolocutaneous fistula is a rare complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). We report a case of a gastrocolocutaneous fistula presenting with intractable diarrhea and gastrostomy tube malfunction. A 62-year-old woman with a history of multiple system atrophy was referred to us because of PEG tube malfunction. Twenty days prior to presentation, the patient started developing sudden diarrhea within minutes after starting PEG feeding. Fluoroscopy revealed that the balloon of the PEG tube was located in the lumen of the transverse colon with the contrast material filling the colon. Subsequently, the PEG tube was removed and the opening of the gastric site was endoscopically closed using hemoclips. Clinicians should be aware of gastrocolocutaneous fistula as one of the complications of PEG insertion. Sudden onset of diarrhea, immediately after PEG feedings, might suggest this complication, which can be effectively treated with endoscopic closure.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Colon , Colon, Transverse , Diarrhea , Fistula , Fluoroscopy , Gastrostomy , Multiple System AtrophyABSTRACT
A 37-year-old female presented to our hospital with a history of bleeding episodes (excessive bleeding after tooth extraction, gum bleeding, easy bruising, and excessive menstruation) and severe thrombocytopenia (2,000/µL). She had no family history of bleeding tendency or thrombocytopenia. No peripheral lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly was noted. The patient's white blood cell count was normal; hemoglobin was 9.7 g/dL. A peripheral blood smear showed markedly decreased platelets, with occasional giant or large platelets. Bone marrow examination found increased megakaryocytes. The patient also complained of hearing difficulty; a hearing test indicated sensory-neural hearing impairment. Her thrombocytopenia was refractory to treatment with glucocorticosteroids, intravenous gamma-globulin, and danazol. In the 13 years following her initial presentation, the patient required anti-hypertensive treatment, a hearing-aid for progressive hearing loss, and started maintenance kidney dialysis. Her clinical history of refractory thrombocytopenia, progressive hearing impairment, and renal failure suggested myosin heavy chain 9 gene-related congenital syndrome (Epstein syndrome), which was confirmed by the presence of a heterozygous deletion mutation, c.221_223del, (p.Lys74del) in peripheral leukocyte deoxyribonucleic acid.